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Application of Servo Motor in Automatic Control

Update:30-01-2021
Summary:Servo motor, to be precise: a servo system is a system that controls engine speed, angle and speed, and then converts electrical energy into mechanical energy to realize the motion requirements of sports machinery. Its core is the controller, and the......
Servo motor, to be precise: a servo system is a system that controls engine speed, angle and speed, and then converts electrical energy into mechanical energy to realize the motion requirements of sports machinery. Its core is the controller, and the control object is the servo motor. With mechanical movement as the driving device, the actuator is a power electronic power meter conversion device, and an electric drive automatic control system composed under the guidance of automatic control theory. While introducing the working principle of servo motor and its application in numerical control automation, this article analyzes its shortcomings and future development directions.

AC servo motor is a type of brushless motor, but it is divided into synchronous and asynchronous motors. In motion control, synchronous motors are more common because they can achieve a lot of power. In the case of maximum rotation, the speed It is low and decreases rapidly as the power increases, so it is suitable for low-speed and smooth running applications. Therefore, high precision, wide speed range, large torque output at low speed, fast response and no overshoot are its biggest features.

AC servo motors are better than stepper motors in many aspects. Although stepper motors are often used as executive motors in some special occasions or in some less demanding occasions, AC servo motors are still the most popular and most widely used. Motors, so what are the differences compared to stepper motors?

One is the difference in control accuracy. The control accuracy of the AC servo motor is guaranteed by the rotary encoder at the back of the motor shaft. The pitch angle of the two-phase stepper motor is generally 3.6 degrees and 18 degrees, and the pitch angle of the five-phase hybrid stepping motor is 0.72 degrees and 0.36 degrees.

Second, the difference in low-frequency characteristics. Stepper motors are prone to low-frequency vibration at low speeds. Because the characteristics of the working principle of the stepping motor determine the phenomenon of low-frequency vibration, and this phenomenon is harmful and unprofitable for the normal operation of the machine, but the operation of the AC servo motor is very stable, even at very low At speed, it can maintain stability without vibration. That's because the AC servo system has a resonance suppression function, and there is a frequency analysis function inside the system, which will adjust it in a timely manner when it detects a resonance point in the machine.

There are also differences in moment-frequency characteristics, overload capacity, and operating performance and speed response performance. In the design process of the control system, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the control requirements, cost and other factors, and select a more appropriate control motor at the right time.